Mathematics Grade 4 (2025-26) - 6. Factors and Multiples

Introduction:

Welcome to the captivating world of factors and multiples! Imagine numbers as puzzle pieces that fit together in unique and fascinating ways, revealing the hidden patterns and connections that underpin the very fabric of mathematics. In this exploration, we'll unravel the mysteries of factors—those special numbers that effortlessly divide into others—and multiples- the products that emerge from this mathematical dance. Get ready to embark on a journey where numbers intertwine, creating a symphony of mathematical harmony. So, let's dive into the enchanting realm of factors and multiples and discover the beauty that lies beneath the surface of these fundamental mathematical concepts!

Learning Objectives

Topic A: Exploring Number Relationships

1) Recall multiplication and division facts

2) Recognize the factors of a given number.

3) Recall and identify the multiples of a given number.

4) Recall prime and composite numbers

Topic B: Highest Common Factor (HCF):

1) Grasp the essence of the concept of HCF, recognizing it as the largest common factor/divisor shared by two or more numbers.

2) Apply efficient methods, such as prime factorization and factor tree, to find the HCF of given numbers.

3) Find the HCF of two or more numbers using different strategies.

Topic C: Least Common Multiple (LCM):

1) Grasp the essence of the concept of LCM, recognizing it as the lowest common multiple

2) Identifying the Least Common Multiple of two or more numbers through prime factorization and/or the listing method.

3) Find the LCM of two or more numbers using different strategies

4) Explore the connections between the HCF and the Least Common Multiple (LCM)

Topic D: Tests of Divisibility:

1) Demonstrate proficiency in identifying tests of divisibility of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9 and 10.

2) Applying tests of divisibility to solve problems.

Why are we learning about Factors and Multiples?

Students learn about factors and multiples to establish a foundational understanding of number relationships and arithmetic concepts. Exploring factors and multiples enhances their ability to comprehend how numbers interact, laying the groundwork for more complex mathematical skills in later grades. This knowledge aids in developing problem-solving skills and provides a basis for understanding topics such as fractions, decimals, and algebra. Additionally, grasping factors and multiples contributes to building fluency in multiplication and division, essential for broader mathematical proficiency, developing critical thinking skills, and preparing students for more advanced mathematical concepts in later grades.

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